world Language Department

Mr. Kenneth A. Almeida, Director

Phone: 508-841-8838 Email: kalmeida@shrewsbury.k12.ma.us

The World Language Program at Shrewsbury HIgh School believes that all students are capable of learning a language. Our goals are to move students along the proficiency ladder in Modern Languages, and for our Classical Languages, students will be provided with the skills to interpret and develop an understanding and appreciation of Latin Literature while learning how Latin connects to Modern English.

Introductory French 1 (8010T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

This course is designed for students at the novice level of language proficiency. Focus will be on the acquisition of thematic vocabulary and the incorporation of appropriate grammatical structures essential for basic communicative skills at the novice level. Students will learn to speak, read, and write at a beginning level on topics such as school, family, hobbies, etc. They will be able to produce and understand simple conversations. The target for this course is novice mid. The course will be taught 50-75% in the target language.

Introductory French 2 (8011TT)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Introductory French 1 or Prior Course at Novice Level

This course is the second year of the two year novice sequence and satisfies the second year of language study for college entry. It is designed specifically for students who need a modified pace but wish to complete two years of French. Focus will be on thematic vocabulary and reinforcement of novice grammatical structures. Students will continue to learn to speak, read, and write about topics pertinent to their lives and will reinforce their knowledge of the present tense from Intro 1 (or equivalent) and build on those skills. The target for this course is novice high. The Course will be taught 50-75% of the target language.

Intermediate French 2 (8012T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Introductory 2 or equivalent novice course and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students whose skills are meeting/approaching the ACTFL intermediate low proficiency benchmark. Students will continue to hone listening, speaking, writing and reading skills. Culture is woven into the curriculum via textbook readings, class discussions, videos, and language lab activities. The target for this course is intermediate low. This course will be conducted 90% in the target language.

Intermediate French 2 Honors (8045T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated some Intermediate language skills at the novice level and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students whose skills are meeting/approaching the ACTFL intermediate low proficiency benchmark. Students will continue to develop the skills of speaking, listening, writing and reading. Students will be expected to focus on grammar accuracy while meeting the appropriate proficiency targets. Culture is woven into the curriculum via readings, class discussions, videos, and language lab activities. The target for this course is intermediate low. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate French 3 (8013T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Intermediate 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for students who are meeting/approaching the ACTFL Intermediate Mid proficiency benchmark. Students will be exploring topics outside of their personal lives and honing on communication skills using those themes. The ability to narrate and manipulate various time frames will be practiced. The target for this course is intermediate mid. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate French 3 Honors (8015T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Intermediate 2 Honors language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for students who meet the ACTFL Intermediate Mid proficiency benchmark. This course will prepare students to approach the advanced low ACTFL proficiency benchmark by the use of historical and contemporary themes This course is conducted primarily in French and is intended for students who wish to pursue AP French. The target for the course is intermediate mid. The class will be conducted entirely in the target language.

Intermediate French 4 (8014T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Intermediate 3 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course begins to push students towards the ACTFL Intermediate High proficiency level as more sophisticated expressions are learned. Students will continue to improve upon listening comprehension and oral expression, and they will hone their reading skills. The target for this course is intermediate mid. This course will be conducted 90% in the target language.

Intermediate French 4 Honors (8016T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Intermediate 3 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is intended for those students who are preparing for entry into Advanced Placement French the following year. Emphasis is placed on developing accuracy in both oral and written expression with more complex and finite grammar. Students will read authentic literature including ‘Le Petit Prince.’ Students will begin learning the skills required for success on the AP French language and culture exam offered by College Board. The target for this course is intermediate mid. This course is conducted entirely in the target language.

Intermediate French 5 (8017T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grade: 12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Intermediate 4 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is intended for those advanced students who enjoy learning French and wish to continue to practice their oral and written skills. It is primarily a literature and culture course with a review of all grammar. Contemporary literature and short readings will be read and discussed. The cultural focus will be on French-speaking countries around the globe. The target for this course is intermediate high. This course will be conducted entirely in the target language.

Intermediate French 5 Honors (8044T)

Meets expectations for Student Learning: 1, 2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grade 12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Intermediate 4 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for honors students who wish to continue the study of French but opt not to take the French AP exam. Students will continue to practice their oral and written skills. Emphasis in this course is placed on accuracy in both oral and written expression, as more complex grammar is introduced. Contemporary literature and short readings will be read and discussed in seminar style. The cultural focus will be on French-speaking countries around the globe. The class is conducted entirely in French.

Advanced Placement French (8018)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11 -12 Advanced Placement

Prerequisite: Demonstrated excellence in Intermediate IV Honors level and strong teacher recommendation.

This course is intended for students who have attained a high degree of proficiency in French and who are interested in completing studies comparable in content and difficulty to a full-year college-level course. This course is designed to provide students with a communicative ability in the French language. The course objectives are to develop the ability to understand spoken French in various contexts, and to develop French vocabulary sufficient for reading newspapers and magazine articles, literary texts and other non-technical writings without dependence on a dictionary. Students will also develop the ability to express themselves in French, both orally and in writing, with reasonable fluency, coherence, and accuracy. Students are expected to take the Advanced Placement Exam in May. This course is conducted entirely in French.

Heritage Spanish 1 (8069)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Director Approval. This course is designed specifically for students whose first language may be Spanish or who are bilingual. The course will focus on contemporary issues in the US and Hispanic worlds and how one’s language forms one’s identity. Students will be assessed on points of view in spoken and written Spanish.

Heritage Spanish 2 (8072)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Heritage Spanish 1. This course is designed specifically for students whose first language may be Spanish or who are bilingual. The course will explore literature, history, and art through a Hispanic lens. Students will be assessed on points of view in spoken and written Spanish.

Introductory Spanish 1 (8020T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Introductory Spanish 2 (8025T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Introductory Spanish 1 or Prior Course at Novice Level and teacher recommendation.

This course is the second year of the two year novice sequence and satisfies the second year of language study for college entry. It is designed specifically for students who need a modified pace but wish to complete two years of Spanish. Focus will be on thematic vocabulary and reinforcement of novice grammatical structures. Students will continue to learn to speak, read, and write about topics pertinent to their lives and will reinforce their knowledge of the present tense from Intro 1 (or equivalent) and build on those skills. The target for this course is novice high. The Course will be taught 50-75% of the target language.

Intermediate Spanish 2 (8022T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Introductory 2 or equivalent novice course and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students whose skills are meeting/approaching the ACTFL intermediate low proficiency benchmark. Students will continue to hone listening, speaking, writing and reading skills. Hispanic culture is woven into the curriculum via readings, class discussions, videos, and language lab activities. The target for this course is intermediate low. This course will be taught 90% in target language.

Intermediate Spanish 2 Honors (8046T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Exceeding all academic expectations in Novice Level course and teacher recommendation

This course is designed for those students whose skills are meeting/approaching the ACTFL intermediate low proficiency benchmark. Students will continue to develop the skills of speaking, listening, writing and reading. Students will be expected to focus on grammar accuracy while meeting the appropriate proficiency targets. Hispanic culture is woven into the curriculum via textbook readings, class discussions, videos, and language lab activities. The target for this course is intermediate low. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate Spanish 3 (8023T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Intermediate 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

Intermediate Spanish 3 Honors (8026T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Intermediate 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for students who meet the ACTFL Intermediate Mid proficiency benchmark. This course will prepare students to approach the advanced low ACTFL proficiency benchmark by the use of historical and contemporary themes This course is conducted primarily in Spanish and is intended for students who wish to pursue AP Spanish. The target for the course is intermediate mid. The class will be conducted entirely in the target language.

Intermediate Spanish 4 (8024T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Intermediate 3 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course begins to push students towards the ACTFL Intermediate High proficiency level. Advanced grammatical structures will be presented through real world and cultural topics. Students will communicate perspectives in art, health, immigration and folktales. The target for this class is intermediate mid. This class is conducted 90% in the target language.

Intermediate Spanish 4 Honors (8027T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Intermediate Honors Level 3 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students who enjoy speaking, writing, listening and reading in Spanish and are preparing for entry into Advanced Placement Spanish. Emphasis is on the use of proper grammar, but instruction is through active language. Students will engage in conversations, presentations, readings, aural/listening activities and writing assignments that are generated from personal and current themes. Authentic literature and visual materials are used to teach cultural, historical and current events which are also included to enhance the curriculum. The target for this class is intermediate mid. The class is taught entirely in the target language.

Intermediate Spanish 5 (8038T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grade: 12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Intermediate Level 4 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is intended for those advanced students who enjoy learning Spanish and wish to continue to practice their oral and written skills. This course reviews grammar and incorporates authentic literature and culture from the Hispanic world. Written and speaking assignments will focus on themes from the readings as well as on personal topics and current issues. The culture and the history of Spain will be explored with projects related to aspects of Spanish life. Class discussions, oral presentations, and conversations will improve speaking proficiency in the target language. The target for this class is intermediate high. The class is conducted entirely in the target language.

Intermediate Spanish 5 Honors (8028T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Intermediate Level 4 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for advanced students who wish to continue the study of Spanish but opt not to take the Spanish AP exam. Authentic literature is used including short stories, short novels, plays, and poetry. Films and videos that parallel the curriculum are shown. The cultural focus is on Spanish-speaking countries and includes music, dance and current news events. The target for this class is intermediate high. This class is conducted entirely in the target language.

Advanced Placement Spanish Language and Culture (8029)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Advanced Placement

Prerequisite: Demonstrated excellence in Intermediate Honors IV level and strong teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students who have attained a high degree of proficiency in Spanish and who are interested in completing studies comparable in content and difficulty to a full-year college-level course. The goal of the course is to prepare the student for the Spanish AP Language examination by emphasizing the basic objectives of proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing. All forms of writing and speaking are emphasized (interpersonal and presentational), especially the directed and the open-ended question. Students hone listening and speaking skills through repeated practice in the form of dialogues, interviews, and directed questions. Interpretive reading is also used to practice for the exam, and grammar is reviewed, fine-tuned and applied in authentic communicative situations. Students are expected to take the Advanced Placement Exam in May. This class is conducted entirely in Spanish.

Heritage Portuguese 1 (8070)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Director Approval Oral Proficiency Test Required. This course is designed specifically for students whose home language is Portuguese but need to develop literacy skills and grammatical knowledge of the Portuguese Language. The course will focus on contemporary issues in the US and Lusophone worlds and how one’s language forms one’s identity. Students will be assessed on points of view in spoken and written Portuguese.

Heritage Portuguese 2 (8071)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Heritage Portuguese 1 or demonstrated literacy and writing skills via Placement Exam. This course is designed specifically for students whose first language is Portuguese or who are bilingual. The course will explore literature, history, and art through a Lusophone lens. Students will be assessed on points of view in spoken and written Portuguese.

Heritage Portuguese 3 (8074)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Heritage Portuguese 2. This course is a continuation of the Heritage Portuguese sequence. Students will explore the different text types in literature from a cultural perspective. Emphasis will be placed on interpretation and analysis of literary works.

Latin 1 (8039)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Latin I is a beginning course with emphasis on pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and reading skills. Emphasis is also placed on Roman life and culture, the permanent value of the Latin language, and the social values of the classical period. The study of English derivatives from Latin roots will increase the student's working vocabulary. A deeper understanding of English grammar is a logical outcome of this course.

Latin 2 (8031)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Level 1 language skills and teacher recommendation.

The content of Latin II has been selected and arranged in such a way as to further the student's grasp of linguistic concepts and cultural phenomena of ancient Rome. After a review of the vocabulary, forms, and grammar constructions from Latin 1, students study significant cultural practices of the Romans and more complex aspects of the language. Students will further develop reading and translating skills with special attention given to word order and sentence structure. The continued study of English derivatives from Latin roots will increase the student's working vocabulary.

Latin 2 Honors (8034)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning 1,2,3,4,7

Elective: Full year Grades: 10-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Level 1 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed to mirror the curriculum of Latin 2 at a faster pace. After a review of the vocabulary, forms and grammar constructions from Latin 1, students study significant events in Roman history and more complex aspects of the language. Students will further develop reading and translating skills with special attention given to word order and sentence structure. Honors students also will have additional independent or collaborative assignments. The continued study of English derivatives from Latin roots will increase the student's working vocabulary.

Latin 3 (8041)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Level 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course provides adapted readings from classical literature as well as more complex grammar patterns. Students will read selections from authors of the first century B.C.E., including Cicero and Petronius, with special emphasis on the historical prose of Caesar

Latin 3 Honors (8032)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning 1,2,3,4,7

Elective: Full year Grades: 10-12 `Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Level 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed to mirror the curriculum of Latin 3 at a faster pace. Students will hone reading and writing skills through more challenging translations, oral presentations, and collaborative projects. Literature selections emphasize prose from authors of the first century B.C.E.

Latin 4 Honors (8033)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Level 3 Honors language skills and teacher recommendation.

The focus of this course will be on learning to read, translate and critique Latin poetry. Works of Ovid and Catullus will be studied along with an introduction to the “Aeneid” of Vergil. By the end of the year, students will have an understanding of Latin poetry, both “Elegiac and Epic” and will have been exposed to the ‘golden age’ of Latin poetry.

Advanced Placement Latin: Vergil and Caesar (8042)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Advanced Placement

Prerequisite: Demonstrated excellence in Honors IV level and strong teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students who have attained a high degree of mastery in translating Latin literature. The goal is to prepare the student for the Advanced Placement Latin Vergil and Caesar exam by emphasizing the literal translation of Latin epic poetry and prose. In addition, a major emphasis will be placed on analyzing, discussing and writing critical essays on Latin poetry and Caesar’s De Bello Gallico. Fundamentals of Latin grammar will be reviewed in conjunction with a thorough exploration of the history of the Early Empire. Summer reading and/or a special project may be required. Students are expected to take the Advanced Placement exam in May.

Introductory Mandarin Chinese 1 (8050T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 9-12 A Level

This course is designed for students at the novice level of language proficiency. Focus will be on the acquisition of thematic vocabulary and the incorporation of appropriate grammatical structures essential for basic communicative skills at the novice level. Students will learn to speak, read, and write (through Pinyin and simple characters) at a beginning level on topics such as school, family, hobbies, etc. They will be able to produce and understand simple conversations. The target for this course is novice mid. The course will be taught 50-75% in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 2 (8051T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Novice Level language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is a continuation of the middle school program of Mandarin Chinese. Students will continue to work to hone speaking, listening and writing skills as they acquire more characters and more sophisticated patterns of expression. Students will also learn about the history, geography and cultural differences of the Chinese people. The target of this course is intermediate low. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 2 Honors (8060T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 9-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Novice Level language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is a continuation of the middle school program and is designed to mirror the curriculum of Mandarin Chinese II at a faster pace. Students will continue to work to hone speaking, listening and writing skills as they acquire more characters and more sophisticated patterns of expression. Students will also learn about the history, geography and cultural differences of the Chinese people. Additional assignments and projects will be required. The target of this course is intermediate low. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 3 (8053T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1, 2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Level 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students who have demonstrated an interest in the language and have acquired communicative competency with the fundamental skills. Oral, aural and written skills will continue to be emphasized. The class will consist of higher-level listening, reading, speaking, and writing exercises as well as using advanced grammatical structures and higher-level vocabulary lists. The target of this course is intermediate mid. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 3 Honors (8054T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1, 2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 10-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Level 2 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is designed to further prepare the student for real-life interactions using the Chinese language. Oral, aural and written skills will continue to be emphasized. The class will consist of higher-level listening, reading, speaking, and writing exercises as well as using advanced grammatical structures and higher-level vocabulary lists. Students are strongly encouraged to speak Chinese in the classroom as much as possible when dealing with each other or with the teacher. Additional assignments and projects will be required. The target of this course is intermediate mid. This course will be taught 90% in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 4 (8055T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Level 3 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course extends the student’s ability for proficiency in communication as more sophisticated expressions and additional characters are introduced. Students will continue to hone listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. Students learn how to communicate in a variety of real-life situations and acquire further tools for self-expression. The target of this course is intermediate mid. This course will be taught entirely in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 4 Honors (8056T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Level 3 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course extends the student’s ability for proficiency in communication as more sophisticated expressions and additional characters are introduced. Students will continue to hone listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. Students learn how to communicate in a variety of real-life situations. Additional assignments and projects will be required. The target of this course is intermediate mid. This course will be taught entirely in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 5 (8057T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grade 12 A Level

Prerequisite: Demonstrated competency with Level 4 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is intended for those students who wish to advance their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills to the next level. Students expand their repertoire of characters and acquire further tools for nuanced communication. The target of this course is intermediate high. This course will be taught entirely in the target language.

Intermediate Mandarin Chinese 5 Honors (8059T)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grade 12 Honors

Prerequisite: Demonstrated advanced competency with Level 4 language skills and teacher recommendation.

This course is intended for those students who have achieved a high degree of proficiency in Mandarin Chinese and wish to advance their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills to the next level. Students expand their repertoire of characters and acquire further tools for nuanced communication. Additional assignments and projects will be required. The target of this course is intermediate high. This course will be taught entirely in the target language.

Advanced Placement Mandarin Chinese Language and Culture (8066)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full Year Grades: 11-12 Advanced Placement

Prerequisite: Demonstrated excellence in Honors IV level and strong teacher recommendation.

This course is designed for those students who have attained a high degree of proficiency in Mandarin Chinese and who are interested in completing studies comparable in content and difficulty to a full-year college-level course. The goal of the course is to prepare the student for the Mandarin Chinese AP Language examination by emphasizing the basic objectives of proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing. All forms of writing are emphasized, especially the directed and the open-ended question. Weekly journals and critical writing pieces are included. Students hone listening and speaking skills through repeated practice in the form of dialogues, skits, interviews, and directed questions. Picture sequences are also used to practice for the exam, and grammar is reviewed, fine-tuned and applied in authentic communicative situations. Students are expected to take the Advanced Placement Exam in May. This class is conducted entirely in Mandarin Chinese.

Introduction to Linguistics 1 (8068)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 9-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Director approval. This course will explore the methods and findings in the field of modern linguistics, the study of language. The curriculum will address each branch of linguistics: phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Students will gain and demonstrate knowledge of the precepts of each of these disciplines, read and explore the relevant body of research in each field, and design and complete a project or experiment that demonstrates an understanding of the material and its relevance.

Introduction to Linguistics 2 (8073)

Meets Expectations for Student Learning: 1,2,3,4,7

Elective Full year Grades: 10-12 A Level

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Introduction to Linguistics 1 and teacher recommendation. This course will continue to explore the methods and findings in the field of modern linguistics, the study of language. The curriculum will address further aspects of linguistics, particularly morphosyntax, syntax, and semantics. Students will gain and demonstrate knowledge in each of these disciplines, read and explore the relevant body of research in each field, and design and complete a project or experiment that demonstrates an understanding of the material and its relevance.